The differences between the jejunum and ileum
| Jejunum | Ileum |
| 2/5 of the total length of small intestine | 3/5 of the total length of small intestine |
| 4-3 cm in diameter | 3-2 cm in diameter |
| Bright pink color | Pink color |
| Located mainly to the left of the midline | Located mainly to the right of the midline |
| The wall is thicker | |
| The number of villi is larger | |
| Contains solitary lymphatic follicles | Contains aggregated lymphatic follicles (Peyer’s patches) |
The differences between the small and large intestine
| Small intestine | Large intestine |
| Exterior view | |
| 5-6 m long | 1,5-2 m long |
| 2,5-4 cm in diameter | 4-8 cm in diameter |
| Pink color | Greyish-pink color |
| Located centrally, in the middle storey of the peritoneal cavity | Frames the small intestine superiorly and laterally |
| Uniform longitudinal muscle layer | Longitudinal muscle fibres, grouped in taeniae coli |
| — | Has haustrae |
| — | Has epiploic appendices |
| Internal structure | |
| Thickness of the wall is 2-3 mm | Thickness of the wall is 3,5-5,5 mm |
| The presence of intestinal villi | — |
| Solitary and aggregated lymphatic follicles (Peyer’s patches) (picture 65) | Solitary lymphatic follicles (picture 65) |
| Circular mucosal folds (picture 65) | Semicircular mucosal folds |
| Function | |
| Digestion of chyme with intestinal juice, bile and pancreatic juice: proteins are digested by enterokinase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, erepsin and nuclease; fats – by lipase; carbohydrates – by amylase, lactase, sucrase | 1.Absorption of water
2.Digestion of cellulose with bacteria 3.Excretion of metabolic products 4.Synthesis of vitamins K and B 5.Secretion of mucus 6.Formation, accumulation and excretion of faecal masses |
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